ElectroCalc

Schmitt Trigger Calculator

Calculate threshold voltages and hysteresis for inverting and non-inverting Schmitt trigger circuits.

Component Values

V

Results

Upper Threshold (Vth+)2.500 V
Lower Threshold (Vth−)0.000 V
Hysteresis (Vth+ − Vth−)2.500 V
Vth+Vth-VoutVin

Transfer curve with hysteresis

How does a Schmitt Trigger work?

A Schmitt trigger is a comparator with positive feedback that creates two distinct switching thresholds. When the input rises above the upper threshold (Vth+), the output switches HIGH. It stays HIGH until the input falls below the lower threshold (Vth−). This gap between thresholds is called hysteresis.

Hysteresis is the key feature that makes Schmitt triggers so useful. On a noisy signal, a regular comparator switches back and forth many times as the signal crosses the threshold. A Schmitt trigger ignores noise smaller than the hysteresis window, producing a clean, stable output.

Non-inverting Schmitt triggers output HIGH when Vin > Vth+. Inverting configurations output LOW when Vin > Vth+. Both use positive feedback from the output to the non-inverting input to create hysteresis. The amount of hysteresis is set by the R1/R2 ratio.

Non-Inverting Vth+

Vth+ = Vcc × R2 / (R1 + R2)

Key Points

  • Hysteresis = Vth+ − Vth− prevents oscillation on noisy signals
  • Larger R1/R2 ratio → wider hysteresis window
  • Non-inverting: output follows input direction
  • Inverting: output is opposite to input direction

Applications

  • Touch and capacitive sensor debouncing
  • Square wave oscillator with RC timing
  • Level detection with noise immunity
  • Digital input signal conditioning